Selecting the Right Sound for your Diesel Locomotive

If you don’t know the particular prime mover and proper air horn(s) for a specific locomotive, the task of choosing the correct dieselTsunami can seem confusing. Our new sound selection guide will point you in the right direction. While we can not tell you exactly which horn was used on a given locomotive on a particular day in history, we can help narrow your choices to those that were most commonly used by a particular road. Keep in mind that many of our prime movers are available in multiple decoder formats, i.e. TSU-1000, TSU-750, TSU-AT1000, TSU-BW1000,
TSU-GN1000 or TSU-KT1000. We hope you find this guide useful and fun!

Selecting the Prime Mover

The term prime mover refers to the diesel engine that is found in each locomotive. Tsunamis are available with each of the most common prime movers found on many diesel locomotives. Although different locomotive designs may have the same prime mover, they may produce slightly different sounds. These differences are due to how the prime mover is mounted and how the exhaust manifold is set up. To accommodate this, the Tsunami has a 7 band equalizer that can be adjusted to make each locomotive have it’s own unique timbre. Locomotives also differed in their gear ratio design. Some were designed with very low ratios for yard switching, while others had higher ratios for high-speed passenger train operations. The Tsunami allows you to set the top speed and adjust how fast it reaches its highest notch through a user adjustable speed curve and momentum CVs.  Some locomotives contain two of the same prime mover. The EMD E8 for example has two 567 prime movers. To better accommodate this sound a modeler should consider adding a second speaker and boosting the equalizers low-end volume.

Below is a list of prime movers and the locomotives’ to which they correspond. Simply locate your locomotive on the prime mover chart below. For example, if you have a GP 40 you will find it listed under EMD 645 Turbo. Thus, the correct Tsunami would be an EMD 645 Turbo (2nd generation).

Use the links below to see the chart for a prime mover and its corresponding models.

EMD 567
EMD 567 "Dual"
EMD 567 Turbo
EMD 645 Turbo
EMD 645
EMD 710 Turbo
EMD 710G3C-T2

ALCO 539
ALCO 539 Turbo
ALCO 244
ALCO251 (V12)
ALCO 251C (Supercharged)
ALCO 251 (V16)

GE 'Cummins" Diesel
GE FDL-16
GE FDL-16 "Dual"
GE FDL-16 (Modern)
GE GEVO "Evolution" Series
GE Gas Turbine

Fairbanks-Morse
Baldwin VO
Baldwin 608NA
Baldwin 608A





EMD 567 prime mover (1st generation, non-turbo charged)
F-Units ‘Geeps’SDsSwitchers
FTGP7SD7NW2
F3GP9SD9SW1,6,7,8,9
F7GP18SW 1200
FP7BL1
CF7BL2
F9
 
EMD 567 prime mover (1st generation, non-turbo charged) “Dual” Prime Movers
E-units
E3
E4
E6
E7
E8
E9
 
EMD 567 prime mover (1st generation, turbo charged)
‘Geeps’SDs
GP20 SD24DD35*
GP30SD26
GP35SD35
*The DD35 locomotives were equipped with two prime movers
 
EMD 645 prime mover(2nd generation, turbo charged)
F-units‘GeepsSDs
FP40GP40SD39 DDA-40X*
F40PH GP40-2 SD40 
FP45 GP40TC SD40-2 
F45 GP50 SD45 
 GP-15TSD50
 SDP40
 SDP45
 SD40T-2
 SDL-39
 SDL45-2
  SD45X
*The DDA-40X locomotives were equipped with two prime movers
 
EMD 645 prime mover (2nd generation, non-turbo charged)
‘Geeps’SDsSwitchers
GP-15-1SD-38SW-1000
GP-28 SW-1500
GP-38 SW-1504
GP-38-2 MP-15
MP-15AC
 
EMD 710 prime mover (3rd generation, turbo charged)
F-unitsSDs“Geeps”
F59PHSD60 GP-60
F59PHISD60FGP-60B
F69PH-ACSD60M
SD60MAC 
SD70
SD70M
  SD70MAC
  SD70 ACE
  SD90
  SD90M
  SD90MAC
EMD 710G3C-T2 prime mover (3rd generation, turbo charged)
SD70ACe
SD70M-2
 
ALCO 539 prime mover
HH-660RSC-13^S-1
S-3
S-10^
S-11^

^The S-10, S-11 and RSC-13 were built by Montreal Locomotive Works; who took over production of ALCO locomotives and prime movers in 1970

 
ALCO 539-Turbo prime mover
DL-105HH-900 RS-1S-2
DL-107HH-1000 RSD-1S-4
DL-109S-12
DL-110

^The S-12 was built by Montreal Locomotive Works; who took over production of ALCO locomotives and prime movers in 1970

 
ALCO 244 prime mover
FA-1RS2PA-1RSD-4 DL-814
FA-2RS3RSD-5
FB-2RSC-2RS4
RS5RSD-7
RS10RSC-3
 
ALCO 251 (V12)
FPA-4RS-11DH-643*RSD-12C-420M-420
FPB-4RS-18^
 RS-36

*DH-643 is equipped with two of the 251 12 cylinder prime movers, we recommend adding a second speaker for further realism if space allows in your particular model.

^The RS –18 was built by Montreal Locomotive Works; who took over production of ALCO locomotives and prime movers in 1970.

 
ALCO 251C (Supercharged)
RS-32C420
 
ALCO 251 (V16)
RS-27RSD-15C-424M0630
RSD-17C-425M-636
C-430
C-630
C-636
C-855*
C-855B*

*C-855 and C-855B locomotives contain 2 of the 16 cylinder 251 prime movers, we recommend adding a second speaker for further realism if space allows in your particular model

 
GE ‘Cummins’ Diesel
45 TonnerLight Industrial Switchers
 
GE FDL-16
GE “Universal Series”GE “Dash 7” line
U25-B B30-7
U25-C B36-7
U28-BC30-7
U28-C C36-7
U28-CG
U30-B
U30-C
U30-CG
U33-B
U33-C
U34-CH
U36-B
U36-C
 
GE FDL-16 "Dual"
U50
 
GE FDL-16 (Modern)
B36-8Dash 8-32BWHC39-8AC44CW
B39-8Dash8-40BDash8-40C
B40-8WHDash8-40BW Dash8-40CM
Dash8-40 BWH (Amtrak only)Dash8-40CW 
Dash8-41CW
Dash8-44CW
Dash9-44CW
 
GE GEVO “Evolution” Series
ES40DC
ES44AC
ES44DC
ES44C4
 
GE Gas Turbine
Gas Turbine Locomotive
“Veranda” Gas Turbine
 
Fairbanks-Morse
H-10-44CFA-16-4P12-42
H-12-44CFB-16-4
H-12-44TS CFA-20-4
H-12-46 CFB-20-4
H-15-44 CPA-16-4
H-16-44 CPB-16-4
H-16-66 CPA-16-5
H-20-44 CPA-16-5
H-24-66 CPB-16-5
CPB-20-5 
CPA-24-5 
 
Baldwin VO
SwitchersRoad Units
VO-660DR-6-4-2000
VO-1000
 
Baldwin 608NA
SwitchersRoad Units
DS-4-4-660*DR-6-4-2000
DS-4-4-750* DRS-6-4-660NA*
S-8^ DRS-6-4-750*
DS-4-4-1000 DT-6-6-2000

*These units were built with a 606NA prime mover that sounds similar to the 608NA.
^The S-8 was built with a 606 prime mover that sounds similar to the 608NA.

 
Baldwin 608A
SwitchersRoad UnitsCab Units
DS-4-4-1000*DT-6-6-2000*DR-12-8-1500 “Centipede”#
S-12^DRS-6-4-1000*DR-6-4-2000 “Sharknose”*
DRS-4-4-1000*DR-6-2-1000*
RS-12^DR-6-2-1500#
DRS-6-4-1500#DR-4-4-1500 “Babyface”#
AS-416RF-16 “Sharknose”
DRS-4-4-1500#DR-4-4-1500 “Sharknose”#
AS-16
DRS-6-6-1500#
AS-616

*These units were built with a 606SC prime mover that sounds similar to the 608A
^The S-12 and RS-12 was built with a 606A prime mover that sounds similar to the 608A
#These units were built with a 608SC prime mover that sounds similar to the 608A



Selecting the air horn

The most distinctive sound heard on a diesel locomotive is the airhorn. Railroads used airhorns to warn vehicles and pedestrians as well as to communicate to other trains, yard personnel, and trainmen. Listed below are a few examples of common signals used with air horns on many railroads.


- is designated as a long horn blast
o is designated as a short horn blast


- - o - Approaching a public road
- o Warning for areas where view is obstructed
- Approaching a station or flag stop
- - Release brakes
o Set brakes
- ooo Flagman protect the rear of a train
ooo Stopping (When in motion)
ooo Going in reverse (When initially moving)
- -  Going forward (when initially moving)
oo Acknowledgement of signal not otherwise specified


One of the great features of sound decoders and DCC is the ability to incorporate prototypical horn signals, just like the real thing! The Tsunami has functions for both a long horn blast and a short horn toot making crisp and accurate signals possible. Tsunami decoders also come with the ability to set up automatic signals such as forward (--), reverse (ooo), a public grade crossing (- - o -), and brakes applied (o).

 

To make your selection easier and more fun, each diesel Tsunami decoder comes with 16 different air horns that were most commonly heard for the era and prototype. Many railroads used more than one type of air horn. Since Tsunami offers so many different air horns in each decoder, you don’t have to permanently commit to any one. Remember this is your railroad - so don’t hesitate to select the horn you enjoy hearing the most. If you are interested in sticking closely to prototype practice you can read more information on which air horn is appropriate for a specific road by checking our document entitled Locomotive Air Horn History.